Product And The Company s Expansion Essay - 1046 Words

Introduction to Choffy To put it simply, Choffy is brewed chocolate. Cocoa beans are roasted and ground to create an alleged long-last energy and wellness drink. Choffy’s website (www.choffy.com) provides more information about the product and the company’s expansion. Competition with Coffee: Complementary vs. Substitute Complementary goods are good that go together or are connected, while substitute good is a good that satisfy the same needs of the consumers and can be used to replace one another. For example, complementary goods are items such as coffee and cream, and substitute good would be energy drinks and coffee. Therefore, Choffy competes as a substitute to coffee. Choffy does have the potential to genuinely compete with coffee if all its claims are true. Choffy claims that its drinks are a better alternative to coffee since it contains theobromine rather than caffeine. This avoids the negative effects of caffeine while still providing an energy lift. Additionally, Choffy states that it drink contains antioxidants, creates better blood circulation, and gives the feeling of being focused, alert and elated (www.choffy.com). Other factors to examine at are taste, availability, and costs. Choffy taste must be better than the taste of coffee to consumers. This may be a difficult task with coff ee being the second highest traded commodity in the world. Choffy is currently only available in the United States, but Americans ate billions worth of chocolate in 2015Show MoreRelatedCritically Evaluate the Main Potential Advantages and Disadvantages of Horizontal Expansion for a Company.1535 Words   |  7 PagesWhich way to grow? The question is, should the company expand horizontally or should the company diversify or expand vertically? There is no clear cut answer to this question. There are advantages and pitfalls to each of these methods and there are many examples of organisation where a certain choice has proven extremely profitable and vice versa. This essay will provide advantages and disadvantages of horizontal expansion by comparing it with vertical and diversified growth. The reader will beRead MoreSwot / Tows Starbucks1183 Words   |  5 Pageswidespread global presence. The company operates about 13,168 retail store locations. The company s widespread presence provides it with widespread brand recognition and a strong customer base. • A disciplined innovator Starbucks is a disciplined innovator. The company effectively manages its innovation time line generating consistency in same store sales. 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Secondly, the company lacks product differentiation. Additionally, it just manages just a single line of items. The aspect helps the company to reduce chances of risk occurrence in the events one line of products because unsuccessful withinRead MoreCorporate Strategy Of The Business Diversification1608 Words   |  7 Pagesthe company shareholder value when the independent business units can perform under a single corporation as an umbrella organization instead of independent parents or a corporation. A diversified organization has many business units and each business units have its own business level strategy irrespective of whether they are related or not. A successful business diversification not only spreads the business risk acr oss the diverse units but also adds a long term economic value to the company. TheRead MoreThe Executive Of The Abc Company1288 Words   |  6 PagesCEO of the ABC Company asks me to help them achieve the goal of generating $3 million in sales. The company wants to incorporate the making of cedar dollhouses with the raw materials that they have on hand. In order for me to help them accomplish said goal the CEO has come to me with a new opportunity that he has been working on. I must come up with a financial plan to generate money so we can start the new expansion. The Risks: In expanding a business or adding a new product, numerous riskRead MoreInternational Expansion And Vertical Integration1501 Words   |  7 PagesInternational Expansion is a process by which regional economies, societies, and cultures have become integrated through a global-spanning network of communication and trade (Lou,1999). An expansion strategy is an action plan usually adopted to acquire better and bigger growth with respect to its previously attained standard(Business Jargons,2017). The rationale behind expansion could be higher Profit margins, gaining competitive advantage, expanding domains. Based on rationale, expansion strategiesRead MoreA Plan For The Low Calorie, Frozen Microwaveable Food Company1414 Words   |  6 Pagesplan that managers in the low-calorie, frozen microwaveable food company could follow in anticipation of raising prices when selecting pricing strategies for making their products response to a change in price less elastic. Provide a rationale fo r your response. Warren Buffett, the renowned financial investor has said, â€Å"The single most important decision in evaluating a business is pricing power (Frye Campbell, 2011) When a company has the ability and power to raise prices without losing businessRead MoreCase Study : Chic Fil A Operates922 Words   |  4 Pagesopportunity for making more revenues and money of its returns (Nelson, 2015). Secondly, the company lacks product differentiation. The menu consists pretty much all just chicken dishes and sandwiches. Thirdly, embracing of Christian-based values as the key business principles caused resentment and product boycotts from gays and lesbians (Sieczkowski, 2014). The majority of people in this group felt the company interfered with their rights. Such aspect is likely to damage the brand image and reduce itsRead MorePrince Edward Island - Essay1164 Words   |  5 Pages Executive Summary: Prince Edward Island Preserve manufactures and produced high- quality, high priced specialty food products. P.E.I.P.C. experienced rapid growth in its short history. In the first few years of its existence, founder Bruce MacNaughton expanded his company from one manufacturing and retail outlet in 1989, following a second retail outlet in 1991. The company also diversified and opened two restaurants in 1989 and 1990 respectively. It is anticipated that P.E.I.P.C. will continue

The Field of Social Psychology Used to Develop a Personal...

The field of social psychology is diverse in character. Consequently, it may be useful to develop a personal theory of social psychology in order to improve one’s understanding of the field of social psychology. Research has demonstrated that, â€Å"...expectations of stigma can impair social and academic functioning of stigmatized persons by affecting their performance...†(Baum, Revenson Singer, 2012, p.601). This observation lends to the idea that social psychology inherently recognizes that individuals are psychologically influenced by the contexts of the social environment in which they function. Understanding such contextualizations allows the social psychologist to devise treatment plans that more effectively address psychological issues as they arise and prior to them becoming potentially life-altering. Social psychologists examine in detail the cognitive elements of an individual which in turn influence social behavior and thus can enable the social psychologis ts to better assist the individual in restoring a sense of well-being and higher quality to his or her life (Yoon, Hacker, Hewitt, Abrams Cleary, 2012). This well-being improves the overall psychological affect of the individual within the context of his or her social interactions. In this regard, this project first examines several core theories within the field of social psychology. These core theories are: observational learning theory, self-perception theory, drive theory and attribution theory.Show MoreRelatedAttitude Formation1356 Words   |  6 PagesLawanda Thomas Walden University Attitude Formation The field of social psychology focuses on understanding the behavior of an individual and seeks to include the aspects of external and internal influences that impact behavior. 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In the evolving stage of this theory, Roger’s had been frustrated with the authoritative analysisRead MorePositive Psychology: A Brief History, Critics, Methodology, and Application1427 Words   |  6 Pages APPLICATIONS OF POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 3 Positive Psychology: A Brief History, Methodology, and Application 1. Introduction 1.1. A Brief History The genealogy of positive psychology established its roots in the development of humanistic psychology in the mid-20th century. The more traditional approaches of modern psychology as developed by Freud and B. F. Skinner, respectively, are psychoanalysis, and behaviorism. One theory may suggest that the shiftRead MoreGrandma Vs. Research : Child And Adolescent Development912 Words   |  4 Pagesaround for many years and can be very wise about certain things. Over the years there have been many different techniques developed and tested. 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This diversity within psychology, allows psychologists the ability to expand in all areas of explanation, assessment, and diagnoses, which furthers the science of psychology through many differentRead MorePsychology And Sociology And Psychology1612 Words   |  7 PagesWhen we think of society or people, and their behavior, psychology and sociology come to our mind. This is because they are academic fields that posses the same main idea, which is the study of the behavior. Although these two sciences have enormous differences, for those whom never had read anything about this topics it would seem the same. Despite bearing some superficial similarities, the differences between sociology and psychology are pronounced. Actually the main contrast between them is

The Artist as a Critic Free Essays

Oscar Wilder’s The Artist as Critic revolves around a debate Gilbert and Ernest discuss over art criticism and analysis. Ernest argues â€Å"that in the best days of art there we no art critics. † (Wilder 346). We will write a custom essay sample on The Artist as a Critic or any similar topic only for you Order Now Whereas Gilbert reasons that â€Å"it (art criticism) treats the work of art simply as a starting-point for a new creation† (Wilder 367). Sadly, Ernest’s blatant ignorance is unable to comprehend that without art criticism, there would be no art to truly value. Wilde’s quote means that in order to hold art of all fields at a high prestige, we need critical structure and recognition of historical/political context to support art in order to admire the pure beauty within its relative expertise. â€Å"To know the principles of the highest art is to know the principles of the arts† (Wilder 354). Therefore, the cruciality of art criticism responds to the interpretation of meaning and focus on the current culture and time period, overall helping viewers perceive and analyze artworks to gain further knowledge and respect for such creations. Without the critical faculty, there is no artistic creation at all, worthy of name†¦ and no one who does not possess this critical faculty can create anything at all in art. † (Wilder 355) Gilbert sais this to Ernest arguing over the use of art criticism from the Greeks. Gilbert means that without a basic structure of skills and fundamental elements relevant to the expertise, there is n o precision of craft. What makes fine art beautiful, worth listening and compelling is highly contingent upon the mastery of key skills and artistic components. If an opera singer didn’t know how to differentiate their use of breath during lyric or coloratura repertoire, they would not be able to get through any piece or art song. Instead, they would sound breathy and toneless throughout the phrases, who wants to hear that? Likewise, if a writer has no sense of plot flow, character development, or interesting themes within a story, there is no point in wasting your time reading through a painful piece of literature. All art forms are developed under a certain skill which require dedicated competence and applied faculty. Art critics simply keep artists in check by maintaining a certain level expectation to reach for and continue to advance artistic creations. Negative art criticism does not always apply to the lack of faculty skills. In Amiri Baraka’s poem Somebody Blew Up America, released a year after the anniversary of 9/11, he executed a highly controversial piece of writing that was a accused of racism and hatred against Jews, Israelis, and American leaders. The bigoted public treated his work as a literal translation of his opinions and beliefs, when his intentions were to create an ultimate allegoric poem to open the eyes of our country that was unaware of political schemes and inhumane manipulation of our government that was thought to have led to the events of 9/11. Despite such a dispute perhaps liable from governmental course of action, 9/11 was still a fresh wound upon our country that was no where close to recovery due to such loss and tragic deaths. Baraka’s poem hit too close to home at the time, people did not want to listen to his radical accusations and unpatriotic rambling about our country getting bombed. â€Å"The public’s inability to see the poem for what it really is, a high rhetorical statement expressing the writer’s ideological investments, signifies a profound lack of understanding of the nature of poetic art—a lack which can be explained by any number of cultural, historical, and institutional factors. (Gwiazda 16) Baraka’s Somebody Blew Up America was a powerful poem that should be praised for its thunderous diction and expertise of faculty. Instead he was removed from the national position as the Poet Laureate of New Jersey because the people of country could not comprehend such controversial context within his poem, they took his words too literally instead of a representation of political activist art. â€Å"The sheer multitude of these questions might indeed produce in the reader the suspicion of a global conspiracy of oppressors against oppressed, privileged against unprivileged, have against have-nots. Through its relentless accumulation of imperialist wrongs â€Å"Somebody Blew up America† achieves a compelling rhetorical effect. † (Gwiazda 10) Such an example of Baraka’s failure of a poem provides the essential requirement to utilize analytical techniques within political and cultural contexts to ensure further comprehension and appreciation of a valid work of art. Reading the poems in class by Chrystos instilled an influential awareness I e about how the power of poetry can reach people and activate mindsets through a strategic voice of force. As graphic as her poems are, they do not serve as aesthetic platforms that deliver you to your happy place, her work of art leaves a prominent message that is conducive towards delivering a strong testimony about her cultural and spiritual hardships. She opens the mind of the reader and draws a raw picture of her experiences and torments as a native in this intolerant country we call America. Such art that tears at the soul and depicts unpleasant imagery is a powerful form of activist art by bringing awareness to the people about violence and inequities upon Natives, often been covered up by white supremacist governmental officials. Art does not have to be beautiful to convey an influential message, in fact, art in its most vulnerable and raw form reaches the audience by leaving an relevant feeling emotional, effectively capturing a great amount of attention. The ethical effect of art, its importance to culture, and its place in the formation of character, had been done once for all by Plato; but here we have art treated, not from moral, but from the purely aesthetic point of view. † (Wilder 352) Understanding the elements that create such dramatic pieces of art enable the art critic to take in historical and political contexts to further establish an opinionated analysis of the work. Unlike Baraka’s hostile reviews of â€Å"Somebody Blew Up America†, Chrystos poems were well received, less radical and primarily focused on revolving themes of oppression and discrimination. In conclusion, critical faculty and fundamental elements are essential to analyzing a work of art. The world needs art criticism in order to truly value a mastery of skills relevant to the field. With the foundation of art criticism we can further the creations of great art to aspire to and behold its greatness. How to cite The Artist as a Critic, Papers

Virtue Ethics Aristotle and organisational

Question: Discuss about the Virtue Ethics for Aristotle and organisational. Answer: Introduction Ethics is an area of study and research along with a concept that determines and evaluates the moral and ethical correctness of an act on the basis of certain principles that have been defined on the ethical grounds (Britz, 2016). There are a number of different theories that have been developed to judge an activity on ethics and the same have been used to evaluate the issue in Operation Safe Skies. Project Background Occidental Engineering, an engineering firm has been working on a project termed Operation Safe Skies for producing a prototype of next gen air traffic control system and the same is in contract with the United States Federal Aviation Agency. The firm had bid extensively and had bid less than they should have to win the contract and the project team has build a prototype by working eighteen hours a day to live up to the expectation. However, Wayne Davidson, test engineer for the project has devised the presence of a critical defect in the build which says that the system will lose track of one or more aircrafts which may result in collision and other activities. The developers are sure that they will fix the bug in a period of one month. Deborah Shepherd, Project Manager is adamant to release the product with the bug as fixing the same would result in missing the deadline of the contract and the decision does not go well with Wayne. Ethical Analysis Theory of Consequentialism The theory of Consequentialism is an ethical theory that determines the ethical correctness of an act on the basis of consequences and implications that result from the same. If the consequences are positive in nature and result in the benefit of all the parties involved then it is termed as an ethically correct act (Bbc, 2016). There are two different set of activities that are involved in the issue and ethical dilemma of Operation Safe Skies. First and the foremost is the act that is being suggested by Deborah to go ahead with the launch of the product and rectify the defect later on. It will result in consequences that will include success for the Occidental Engineering by meeting the due deadline as per the contract. However, it may result in some of the negative implications that will be severe than the success of the firm. The implications may include the air collision of the aircraft and the loss of life and property as well. The act that is being suggested by Wayne includes the delay of the product which will result in loss of reputation of the organization but will be beneficial in terms of safety and security of the air traffic control system and the involved parties. As per the theory of Consequentialism, the activity suggested by Deborah is termed as ethically incorrect and the path recommended by Wayne is evaluated to be ethically and morally correct. Virtue Ethics The second ethical theory that has been applied to understand the ethical dilemma involved in the project is Virtue Ethics. This is the theory that has its principles on the basis of the character of the person and the parties that are involved. It suggests that happiness and care of self and fellows shall be the prime aim of life and an act that results in the fulfillment of the same is ethically correct (Hursthouse, 2016). In the project, Deborah is suggesting going ahead with the launch in spite of the presence of the critical bugs and her motive behind the same is the protection of the firm and happiness of herself and her team. However, she is well aware of the potential damages the defect may cause and has put aside the care for the aircraft society and the common citizens. Wayne on the other hand is suggesting delaying the launch and rectifying the defect in order to protect the loss of life and property. There are elements of care and happiness for all in the decision proposed by Wayne. As per the theory of Virtue ethics, the act of Deborah is termed as ethically incorrect whereas Wayne and his decision is evaluated as ethically correct (Bowden, 2016). Theory of Deontology The third theory that has been applied to the project of Operation Safe Skies is the theory of deontology. As per this theory, an act is evaluated as ethically correct or incorrect on the basis of its adherence to the rules and duties that define the same. More the adherence to the rules more is the ethical correctness as per this theory of ethics (Gaus, 2016). The primary rule of any project is to deliver the product as per the requirements that are specified with the presence of minimal or zero defects and to meet the deadlines as well. Deborah is sticking to the last objective with her decision and has missed out on the earlier two. If the product is launched with the defect, it will have a critical bug along with non-adherence to the initial set of requirements. Wayne on the other hand is following the ethical compliance along with the set of best practices as a test engineer. He has clearly pointed out the defect and its consequences. As per the theory of Deontology, Deborah and her decision stand as ethically incorrect whereas it has been evaluated than Wayne is correct on the ethical parameters (Nill, 2016). Australian Computer Society (ACS) Code of Professional Conduct As per ACS Code of Professional Conduct, there are six principles that must always be followed and get reflected in the activities of a professional. Public interest should be get at the top priority The activity must reflect an enhancement of the quality of life in the work done Honesty must always be involved in every single activity Competence must be an integral element Professional development shall be enhanced Professionalism in terms of integrity of the society must reflect In the act that is suggested by Deborah most of the principles of ACS Code of Professional Conduct are missing as she has put down the public interest and the element of truth by hiding the defect from one and all. Also, the quality of life and professionalism are missing from the decision that has been proposed. However, the act of Wayne stands as per the principles that are described above (Acs, 2016). Conclusion Operation Safe Skies is a project that includes the critical functionalities and has a set of requirements that must always be adhered to. The deadline of the project is also very critical as the missing of the same would result in some serious consequences. The ethical dilemma that is involved in the project has been evaluated on the basis of three different ethical theories viz. theory of Consequentialism, Virtue Ethics and the theory of Deontology. All of these three theories are based on different set of principles and methods to evaluate an act on the ethical grounds. However, all of these theories have the same end result and feedback. The act that has been suggested by Deborah, Project Manager has been evaluated to be ethically incorrect and the one that is recommended by Wayne, test engineer has been termed as ethically correct. There are alternatives that are suggested to minimize the gap that exists between the two decisions. Deborah can incorporate more number of resources in the development team who are aware of the project activities and can assist in the rectification of the defect. The same would result in the faster process and would also not cause a loss to the reputation of the firm by missing the deadline. There can also be legal extensions demanded for the delivery date as per the conditions and scenarios. The same may result in some penalties and punishments but would be bound by legal and regulatory policies. Communication is a key in all the project and the same can be utilized to have meetings and discussions with the external stakeholders and project sponsors to make them understand the implications of the defect with an assurance that the same will be completely rectified. References ACS,. (2016). ACS Code of Ethics. Retrieved 30 August 2016, from https://www.acs.org.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0005/7835/Code-of-Ethics.pdf BBC,. (2016). BBC - Ethics - Introduction to ethics: Consequentialism. Bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 30 August 2016, from https://www.bbc.co.uk/ethics/introduction/consequentialism_1.shtml Bowden, P. (2016). Virtue ethics, Aristotle and organisational behaviour. Retrieved 29 August 2016, from https://www.unisa.edu.au/Documents/EASS/HRI/GIG/bowden-virtue.pdf Britz, J. (2016). TECHNOLOGY as a threat to PRIVACY: Ethical Challenges. Web.simmons.edu. Retrieved 29 August 2016, from https://web.simmons.edu/~chen/nit/NIT'96/96-025-Britz.html Gaus, G. (2016). What is Deontology?, Part One: Orthodox Views. Retrieved 29 August 2016, from https://www.gaus.biz/deontology1.pdf Hursthouse, R. (2016). Virtue Ethics and Human Nature. Retrieved 29 August 2016, from https://www.humesociety.org/hs/issues/v25n1-2/hursthouse/hursthouse-v25n1-2.pdf Nill, M. (2016). Deontology. Retrieved 29 August 2016, from https://cw.routledge.com/ref/ethics/entries/deontology.pdf.

Shaped Ski Revolution Essays - Winter Sports, Ski, Elan SCX

Shaped Ski Revolution Compare & Contrast While comparing and contrasting information from, The Shaped Ski Revolution, by Sonoma County Ski and Snowboard Guide, and an article written by Rich Taylor of Popular Mechanics called Shaped Skis I found information on many aspects of the new shaped ski technology. Information ranged from safety to ski technique. Rich Taylors article is a better source for my final research paper because of its relevancy, accurate depiction, and it is a reliable and accurate resource. This new shaped ski technology requires new knowledge of the sport, claims The Shaped Ski Revolution. Skiers must learn to ski on the new skis, because their old skiing style will not perform the same compared to the new skiing style (Sonoma 1). The article The Shaped Ski Revolution lacked specific information concerning tips, skills and instruction on the new shaped skis. This made the article harder to understand and comprehend. The article Shaped Skis included much more information including: safety statistics, history of the shaped ski. Which made Taylors article broad and was able to supply information of the whole shaped ski revolution. Making Taylors article more useful and beneficial. The new shaped skis have caused a revolution in the sport of downhill skiing. Shaped skis have made intermediate skiers ski like experts (Taylor 1). From young to old, the ski revolution has begun and many are experiencing its effects. Taylors article focused on the history of the skis, claiming that the new skis are able to miraculously make skiing easier. Taylor gave excellent examples of who was using the shaped skis, such as beginners to the experts. The Shaped Ski Revolution left the topic of who was using the shaped skis open ended. They did not give examples of who specifically was using the new shaped skis. This vagueness was something that hindered the article The Shaped Ski Revolution. Taylors article had many topics embedded in it, such as safety benefits, history and benefits for all skiers. Taylors wide array of topics will be more useful and relevant for a source for my final research paper. The Shaped Ski Revolution lacked information of more then a few fields. The information from the guide was somewhat irrelevant for my needs and was too much in detail. The new ski revolution is here and it will continue to stay until the days of old convention skis are gone. Today, every major ski manufacture is making there own line of shaped skis (Taylor 1). This new trend or revolution has been stretched worldwide. For example, people from the Alps to the Rocky Mountains are experiencing the new shaped skis. Major ski manufactures are investing millions of dollars to increase the technology of the new shaped ski. This information of different companies and the outstretch of the new technology will be very useful in my final research paper. The Shaped Ski Revolution lacked specific company information of the shaped skis, which was needed in my final paper. Taylors article makes an impression that anyone can just hop on a new pair of the shaped skis and there will be instant improvement. The article The Shaped Ski Revolution disagrees with this claim. It explained that the new skis required a new type of skiing style. This style is something that must be learned and developed by each skier at each skiing level. With the combination of new skiing technology and developing the skiing style that goes along with the new skis. The Shaped Ski Revolution presented a better view of what the skis can possibly do compared to Taylors article. History is a major part of anything, everything must come from somewhere. I noticed in Taylors article there was a major difference in when the article was written. His article had key references to where and when the new shaped ski revolution began. Whereas the article The Shaped Ski Revolution explains more the usage of the shaped ski. Time makes a major difference in the two articles, Taylors article was intended to make people be aware of the new shaped ski, whereas the article The Shaped Ski Revolution helped explain that the skis are on the market and this is how to use them correctly. For my final

Edward Abbey essays

Edward Abbey essays What entertains many and exasperates others is Abbeys unique prose voice. Alternately misanthropic and sentimental, enraged and hilarious, it is the voice of a full-blooded man airing his passions-Peter Carlson, People Magazine. Edward Abbey was born January 29, 1927 in Indiana, Pennsylvania around the village of Home. Today, if you travel down Route 119 ( 10 miles north of Indiana) you can find a state historical marker commemorating Edward, adjacent to the Home village marker. As a child, he was the oldest of five children. Because he grew up during the Great Depression, his family was poor. His father held many different jobs, while his mother taught school and played the organ in church. Edward enjoyed writing his own comic books. His literally talents began at an early age. During high however, he failed journalism, twice. Before he joined the Army in 1943-47, Edward decided to travel around the country. He hitchhiked out west where he saw the many different landscape s for the first time. He then was stationed in Naples, Italy. After returning home from the army, he first attended college at Indiana University of Pennsylvania, then University of New Mexico where he wrote his masters thesis on Anarchism and the Morality of Violence. He then finally ended up attending the University of Edinburgh in Scotland. Through his schooling, his academic studies concentrated on Philosophy but he was also interested in anarchism. Edward Abbeys true passion was the American West, especially the desert. He wrote about his love for the west and the environment. Most people considered him a radical on environmental issues, but he considered himself just an author. His first two books were: Jonathan Troy (1954) and The Brave Cowboy (1956), where he wrote about the traditional western hero and his struggles. Abbeys reputation started to grow ...

Lesson Critique Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Lesson Critique - Essay Example The lesson plan identifies national health education standards which it adopts from the National academy of sciences and the Mid-continent Research for Education and Learning (McREL). The one national standard that this lesson plan addresses from the National academy of sciences is that of science in personal and social perspective by emphasizing concern on personal and community health. The others which it addresses from the Mid-continent Research for Education and Learning are: knowing how to maintain and promote personal health; knowing essential concepts about prevention and control of disease and understanding the fundamental concepts of growth and development (California & California, 2009). The lesson plan provides an elaborately detailed list of procedures to be followed by the learner and this constitutes mastery. These engage the learner in discussions as well as analysis of foods high in nutrients and creation of food diaries. The lesson plan, however, does not provide rationale for action. Despite its failure to do so, from the procedures which are developed to take the learner through the learning process through the lesson, one can see that collaboration is enhanced through group work, communication through discussion, and critical and creative thinking is addressed through devising of personalized MyPyramid plan. The materials provided by the lesson plan include My Pyramid: Simple Steps to Healthy Living, computers which have internet access and printers. Their use is integrated in the procedures which are meant to effect learning in the learner. The lesson is planned in such a way that it is learner-centered. The activities of understanding the concepts on good nutrition and those related to it are planned in a step by step procedure to help the learner understand the concept effectively. Discussions and group works form the

Conduct an external environment analysis for a company of your choice Essay

Conduct an external environment analysis for a company of your choice assessing the impact of the external environment on Human - Essay Example The main objective of external analysis is to identify the opportunities and threats in the environment. Identifying and exploiting the opportunities and minimizing the threats, which are hindering performance can help the organization achieve its strategic competitiveness (Hitt, et al, 2009). This external environment has its impact on business strategy and hence on the human resource strategy as well. This paper aims at conducting the external environment analysis of Toyota and studies its impact on the human resource policies and practices of the organization. This paper will make use of different matrices, methods and tools to conduct the industry analysis. Automobile manufacturing is a very significant industry which contributes to 10% of the world GDP. Globalization has resulted in increased pressure on the firms to achieve global competitive advantage. Automotive industry has recently witnessed large scale consolidation of organization resulting in mergers and acquisitions to capitalize the strengths of each market and organization. Most of the organizations in the automobile industry are doing business offshore. The automobile industry global competition is characterized by big three American and Japanese giants with the shift moving towards Japanese automakers which includes Toyota. Toyota is increasing its market share and becoming more dominant and less threatened by its competitors. An external audit of Toyota will reveal its opportunities and threats and its impact on the business and HR strategy. External Environment Analysis The external environment or the macro environment has a strong impact on the all activities and strategies of the organization. These factors include political, social, economic, legal, technological and eco-environmental factors. Two models are used to analyze the force and impact of these factors. These two models are called â€Å"PESTEL Analysis† and â€Å"Porters five forces†. An industry’s attractive ness is evaluated through Porter’s five forces model. According to the model the forces that affect an industry are the threat of entrants, threat of substitutes, bargaining power of buyers, bargaining power of suppliers and the level of rivalry among the existing competitors (Porter, 2008). The evaluation determines the attractiveness or unattractiveness of the industry and also helps in formulating strategies for obtaining competitive advantage. The attractiveness of an industry in turn determines the overall profitability of the industry measured through overall return on investment. It requires utilizing the existing industry environment to gain competitive advantage. Out of the five forces the strongest competitive force indicates the profitability of the industry and forms the most crucial part of strategy formulation. If the affect of forces is intense then the industry is said to be unattractive that is companies in the industry will not earn attractive return on thei r investments while if the forces are not intense then the industry is attractive and the companies in the

Plato, Aristotle, Sophism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Plato, Aristotle, Sophism - Essay Example Plato’s point is that the prisoners would be highly mistaken in that they would be taking terms in their own language to refer to the shadow that comes before their eyes rather than to the real things that bring the shadows. In this manner, Plato meant that the general terms of human language are not names of the physical objects or things that we can see. They are names of objects or things that we are not able to see, objects or things we can only comprehend with our mind. Plato’s aim in the republic is to explain what is important for us to attain this reflective understanding of real world. It remains the fact that our very ability to think and speak depends upon the forms. The terms of the language that people use, we get their real or true meaning by naming the forms that the things we perceive engage in. In addition, Plato tried to illustrate human nature for education and our want for education. For Aristotle, a firm understanding of what a cause is, and how many types of causes there are, is significant for successful explanation of the world around us. Aristotle identifies four kinds of things that can be applied in answer to a why-question: a. The material cause, which Aristotle stated that in every change, something gets a new determination first before undergoing any form of change, which is in potency to a new determination, then after that thing has been acted upon, it gets a new actualization. b. Formal cause, which states that every individual thing is made up not only matter, but also form. Form is the rule of determination, which accounts for the individual thing being the kind of thing it is. On the other hand, matter is the rule of potentiality, with the ability to become other than it is. c. Efficient cause, which states that, in addition to the causes that are aspects of material things, form, and matter, Aristotle, says that there must be a source for any change or motion. This according to Aristotle might be

Family System

Family System Identifying Information:    Mr. Gil Buckman is 35 year-old European American Man. He is Married with 3 Children living in the home. The Buckmans are expecting a baby in February. (Grazer Howard, 1989) Presenting or Identified Problem:    Mr. Buckman is seeking services to help strengthen his family system. His primary concern is that his son Kevin age 9 is having difficulty in school and suffering from an emotional disturbance. Mr. Buckman feels Kevins struggles are a direct result of his parenting skills. Mr. Buckman is also struggling with a decision that must be made regarding his career. He wants to ensure his family stability but making partner may cost him time with his family. He would like to find another job but with a baby on the way he does not feel this is an option. (Grazer Howard, 1989) Medical History:    There are no known health risks. The Buckman family appears to be quite healthy. However, Gil reports that his father drinks quite heavily, mostly on special occasions and might possibly be an alcoholic. Kevin is seeing a psychiatrist for his emotional needs. (Grazer Howard, 1989) Immediate Family System:    The Buckman Home consists of the Client Gil Buckman, his wife Karen Buckman, and their 3 children Kevin, Taylor, and Justin. Karen is a 34 year-old, European American mother to Kevin age 9, Taylor Age 6, and Justin age 3. She is also expecting a baby. All of the children are the biological offspring of Gil and Karen and share their Ethnicity. The Spousal Subsystem Gil and Karen have difficulty communicating at times. Gil resents Karen for not telling him about the pregnancy sooner. Karen thinks Gil is blaming her for getting pregnant. Women have choices, Men have responsibility. They maintain a healthy sex life and mutual belief systems. (Pellebon, 2009) Sibling Subsystem: Kevin Taylor and Justin have petty arguments and antagonize each other. Kevin resents having to care for his younger siblings and often replies why do I have to do everything? when asked to help his siblings. (Pellebon, 2009) Parent/Child Subsystem: Gil is a doting father. He tries to rectify his own relationship with his father by being a better parent. He communicates well with his kids, keeping an open dialogue. He has a very macho type relationship with Kevin, while he is more nurturing with his daughter Taylor. Karen admits that they were more overprotective with Kevin when he was younger and less anxious with Justin. (Pellebon, 2009) Parent/Grandparent Subsystem: Gil and his father have a strained relationship. Gill is bitter that his father was neglectful. Frank realizes he has made mistakes and is reaching out to Gil. Frank also feels his son is a better father than he was. Recently hes been learning to communicate with Gil. He previously was more partial to Larry. (Pellebon, 2009) Extended Family System not in home:    Mr. Buckmans Grandmother age 88 lives with his Parents Frank age 64 and Marilyn age 63. Grandma has been uprooted since the visit of Frank and Marilyns youngest son Larry and his son Cool. The Buckmans are of European American Descent. Cool Buckman is bi-racial. His ethnicity is both European and African American. Gil has an older sister Helen, who is a single mom to Julie and Gary. He has a younger sister Susan who is married to Nathan and they have a daughter named Patty. The youngest sibling discussed earlier is Larry. The Buckman family is enmeshed with open dialogue. Family roles are clear with the occasional diffuse boundary. (Grazer Howard, 1989) Peer Relationships and Impairment:    Mr. Buckman is deeply rooted in his family. They have limited community involvement, Gil coaches his sons little league and Karen babysits children in the neighborhood. He has strained work relationships due to his lack of socializing in order to be with his family. His work and family responsibilities dont allow much free time for social networking. This can cause a deficit in support systems. (Grazer Howard, 1989) Environmental Factors:    Gil works outside the home. Karen stays home with the children. They live in a two story suburban home located in a very clean middle- class neighborhood. The home is modern and well furnished. Little financial struggle yet maintain a moderate budget. Gil and Karen seemed very chaotically connected to Gils family. They get along with their neighbors and the community. (Grazer Howard, 1989) Educational/ Vocational/ Employment History and Impairment:    Mr. Buckman chose to college instead of taking over his fathers business. He works in financial firm. His need to help his son is taking away from his ability to perform well in employment (Grazer Howard, 1989) Legal History:   Ã‚  Ã‚   Mr. Buckman does not have a criminal record nor has he sought legal services or been sued. His younger brother has a gambling addiction and has been involved with illegal racketeering. His niece Julie was arrested for panhandling. (Grazer Howard, 1989) Resources:   Ã‚   Gil Buckman sought services to help with his son, so he and his immediate family would be the Client System. However the extended Buckman Family are so enmeshed that it is hard to separate them. Therefore we will consider them to be a Target System. There is a tremendous transference of intrinsic and extrinsic energy between these two systems. Extrinsically, they spend a great deal of time with each other, helping with family events and combining resources such as serving dishes. Also they share in the responsibility of caring for Grandma. Intrinsically, their emotional responses add to the support the family provides. There are few boundaries in what is acceptable conversation. (Pellebon, 2009) The School and Child Psychologist would be the Action System in helping with Kevins emotional needs. However it is met with resistance from Gil, who fears the stigma of special education and feels responsible for causing the tension. He believes he has the potential energy to solve the problems within his own family subsystem. His intrinsic attempts to be there for him emotionally and mentally have proved futile. So he moved toward a more extrinsic approach by spending money on a psychiatrist and spending time coaching his sons baseball team. At this point Mr. Buckman feels he has exhausted these resources and seeks services elsewhere. (Pellebon, 2009) Special Circumstances:    The Buckman family has no religious affiliation. There are also no known physical or mental health problems. There appears to be a great deal of tension within the family and Kevin suffers from an emotional disturbance. Frank Buckman has been known to abuse alcohol. (Grazer Howard, 1989) Life Area Impairments:    Gil feels his fathers drinking causes some embarrassment at weddings and family fucntions. However no one has intervened. They make light of it and go on. Kevins emotional issues have put a great deal of added pressure on the family. (Grazer Howard, 1989) Cognitive Affective and Behavioral Functioning:   Ã‚   Gil is college educated and quite intelligent. Has strong cognitive abilities but does not handle stress or tension well. He becomes very irritable and irrational. He raises his voice to his family and uses a negative tone. He does not have much confidence in his parenting skills as he has resentment toward his own father. Mr. Buckman is generally content except when dealing with family or work. He tries to be nonchalant until he feels his ability to handle responsibilities is threatened. (Grazer Howard, 1989) Positive Reinforcement: Frank knows Larry is gambling and gives him money to help covering his losses. He is reinforcing the behavior to gamble; even when Larry loses he is rewarded with more money from his father. (Pellebon, 2009) Negative Reinforcement: Nathan did not allow Patty to attend preschool and limited her time with Gils kids. He believed that removing these social influences would increase her ability to learn and maintain her extreme intelligence. (Pellebon, 2009) Positive Punishment: Grandma notices Gil is tense and arguing with Karen. So she tells a story of her first roller coaster ride using it as metaphor for life. She in a sense scolds Gil for getting upset hoping to stop his ranting. (Pellebon, 2009) Negative Punishment: The family shares extrinsically, giving and combining resources but when Larry comes for a visit they are guarded with their money. They believe withholding money from Larry will stop his erratic spending behavior. (Pellebon, 2009) Respondent Conditioning: Gil felt abandoned by Frank. Frank would take him to a baseball game every year and leave him with an usher leaving him feeling abandoned by his Dad. Even as an adult baseball games trigger sad memories and feelings of abandonment. (Ashford, LeCroy, Lortie, 2006) Habituation: The Buckman family learns to bond and communicate by the routine of tucking the children into bed every night. Saying goodnight and I love every night creates a habit of showing care and affection. (Ashford, LeCroy, Lortie, 2006) Modeling: Gil spends time with his kids and communicates with them in order to model good parenting skills. He hopes that by being a good parent that his kids will grow up to be good parents. He was not aware that his father was also observing and learning to be a better parent. (Ashford, LeCroy, Lortie, 2006) Vicarious Learning: Karen learns that her sister-in-law Susan would give her husband Nathan oral sex in the car when he would get tense. Later when in the car with Gil when he is tense she attempts to calm him down in the same manner. (Pellebon, 2009) Strengths and Weakness:    Gil Buckman is very motivated to make a positive impact on his family. He doesnt cope well with stress. However he is eager to implement change in his life. He lacks self control yet he is resourceful and goal oriented. He is assertive, and willing to preserve in order to meet the needs of his family. Mr. Buckman gets along well with others, yet has limited ties to his community. What little involvement he has is positive, he has effect peer relationships. (Grazer Howard, 1989) Multidimensional Assessment: Mr. Buckman has the capabilities to utilize resources provided to him. He has adequate means to meet the needs of his family. His readiness to implement change will assist him in his preparation to care for Kevins emotional problems.

A War America Could have Won :: American America History

A War America Could have Won North Vietnam was battling for ownership of South Vietnam, so they could be a unified communist nation. To prevent the domino effect and further spread of communism, the USA troops in 1965 went into action against the Viet Cong until 1975. Not only did the greatest superpower in the world get bested by a third world nation, but also lost badly. Perhaps this war could have been won, or prevented in the first place. The USA could have and should have won this war, with a combination of better weapons usage, better tactics and better support from their home country. The First American combat troops in Vietnam landed at Da Nang in 8 March 1965 to defend the air base. With the exception of the nuclear weapon, every piece of equipment in America's mighty arsenal was used in the war. The USA President Lyndon Johnson said "Our goal was to deter and diminish the strength of the North Vietnamese aggressors and try to convince them to leave South Vietnam alone"#. Johnson limited the conflict to an air war at first, hoping to pound away and push the Viet Cong into giving in. He used planes such as the B-52 bomber to try to win the war as quickly as possible. So he unleashed a continuous bombing raid on North Vietnam. This was the raid known as 'Operation Rolling Thunder'. American scientist created an array of ultra-sensitive devices to detect the army. THE B-52 dropped bombs in large amounts of the defoliating gas, Agent Orange. Hundreds of millions of acres of jungle were destroyed and even fields of rice paddies were poisoned because of Agent Orange. Agent Orange was supposed to eliminate the Viet Cong's advantageous hiding places, but it only turned the people the American's were fighting for against them even more. Yet another type of bomb was used. Napalm was also another mistake. By using a flammable jelly to literally burn up all of North Vietnam, the USA not only killed more civilians than soldiers, but also raised several ethnical questions. Weighing the consequences of using weapons such as napalm and Agent Orange, the USA quite possibly could have won the Vietnam War completely through the use of air power. More tonnage of ordinance was dropped in any given week during Vietnam than during all other wars in the history of the world combined.

Negative speech for legalization of divorce Essay

A divorce formally dissolves a legal marriage. While married couples do not possess a constitutional or legal right to divorce, states permit divorces because to do so best serves public policy. To ensure that a particular divorce serves public policy interests, some states require a â€Å"cooling-off period,† which prescribes a time period after legal separation that spouses must bear before they can initiate divorce proceedings. Courts in the United States currently recognize two types of divorces: absolute divorce, known as â€Å"divorce a vinculo matrimonii† and limited divorce, known as â€Å"divorce a menso et thoro†. To obtain an absolute divorce, courts require some type of evidentiary showing of misconduct or wrongdoing on one spouse’s part. An absolute divorce is a judicial termination of a legal marriage. An absolute divorce results in the changing back of both parties’ statuses to single. Limited divorces are typically referred to as separation decrees. Limited divorces result in termination of the right to cohabitate but the court refrains from officially dissolving the marriage and the parties’ statuses remain unchanged. Some states permit conversion divorce. Conversion divorce transforms a legal separation into a legal divorce after both parties have been separated for a statutorily-prescribed period of time. Many states have enacted no-fault divorce statutes. No fault divorce statutes do not require showing spousal misconduct and are a response to outdated divorce statutes that require proof of adultery or some other unsavory act in a court of law by the divorcing party. Nevertheless, even today, not all states have enacted no fault divorce statutes. Instead, the court must only find 1) that the relationship is no longer viable, 2) that irreconcilable differences have caused an irremediable breakdown of the marriage, 3) that discord or conflict of personalities have destroyed the legit ends of the marital relationship and prevents any reasonable possibility of reconciliation, or 4) that the marriage is irretrievably broken. Look to various state laws to determine the divorce law within a particular jurisdiction. The Uniform Marriage and Divorce Act may provide further guidance. PROPERTY DIVISION Following a divorce, the court must divide the property between the spouses. Before legislatures equalized property allocation between both spouses, many divorce statutes substantially favored property allocation to the wage-earning spouse. These statutes greatly disadvantaged women disproportionately because during the 18th, 19th, and early-20th centuries, the participation of women in the workplace was much less than it has become during the latter-half of the 20th century and early part of the 21st century. The statutes failed to account for the contributions of the spouse as homemaker and child-raiser. Modern courts recognize two different types of property during property division proceedings – marital property and separate property. Marital property constitutes any property that the spouses acquire individually or jointly during the course of marriage. Separate property constitutes any property that one spouse purchased and possessed prior to the marriage and that did not substantially change in value during the course of the marriage because of the efforts of one or both spouses. If the separate property-owning spouse trades the property for other property or sells the property, the newly-acquired property or funds in consideration of the sale remain separate property. Modern division of property statutes strive for an equitable division of the marital assets. An equitable division does not necessarily involve an equal division but rather an allocation that comports with fairness and justice after a consideration of the totality of the circumstances. By dividing the assets equitably, a judge endeavors to effect the final separation of the parties and to enable both parties to start their post-marital lives with some degree of financial self-sufficiency. While various jurisdictions permit recognition of different factors, most courts at least recognize the following factors: contribution to the accumulation of marital property, the respective parties’ liabilities, whether one spouse received income-producing property while the other did not, the duration of the marriage, the age and health of the respective parties, the earning capacity and employability of the respective parties, the value of each party’s separate property, the pension and retirement rights of each party, whether one party will receive custodial and child support provisions, the respective contributions of the spouses as a homemaker and as a parent, the tax consequences of the allocations, and whether one spouse’s marital misconduct caused the divorce. Most jurisdictions also give the family court judge broad jurisdiction by providing judges with the right to consider any other just and proper factor. When assigning property, judges cannot trans fer the separate property of one spouse to another spouse without the legislature having previously passed an enabling statute. Whether such an enabling statute exists varies between jurisdictions. Alimony refers to payments from one spouse to the other. A court can order one spouse to pay three different types of alimony – permanent alimony, temporary alimony, and rehabilitative alimony. Permanent alimony requires the payer to continue paying either for the rest of the payer’s life or until the spouse receiving payments remarries. Temporary alimony requires payments over a short interval of time so that the payment recipient can stand alone once again. The period of time covers the length of the property division litigation. Similar to temporary alimony, rehabilitative alimony requires the payer to give the recipient short-term alimony after the property division proceedings have concluded. Rehabilitative alimony endeavors to help a spouse with lesser employability or earning capacity become adjusted to a new post-marital life. Courts allocate alimony with the intention of permitting a spouse to maintain the standard of living to which the spouse has become accustomed. Factors affecting whether the court awards alimony include the marriage’s length, the length of separation before divorce, the parties’ ages, the parties’ respective incomes, the parties’ future financial prospects, the health of the parties, and the parties’ respective faults in causing the marriage’s demise. If a couple had children together while married, a court may require one spouse to pay child support to the spouse with custody, but one should note that alimony and child support differ.

Battle of Austerlitz in the Napoleonic Wars

Battle of Austerlitz in the Napoleonic Wars The Battle of Austerlitz was fought December 2, 1805, and was the deciding engagement of the War of the Third Coalition (1805) during the Napoleonic Wars (1803 to 1815). Having crushed an Austrian army at Ulm earlier that fall, Napoleon drove east and captured Vienna. Eager for battle, he pursued the Austrians northeast from their capital. Reinforced by the Russians, the Austrians gave battle near Austerlitz in early December. The resulting battle is often considered Napoleons finest victory and saw the combined Austro-Russian army driven from the field. In the wake of the battle, the Austrian Empire signed the Treaty of Pressburg and left the conflict. Armies Commanders France Napoleon65,000 to 75,000 men Russia Austria Tsar Alexander IEmperor Francis II73,000 to 85,000 men A New War Though fighting in Europe had ended with the Treaty of Amiens in March 1802, many of the signatories remained unhappy with its terms. Increasing tensions saw Britain declare war on France on May 18, 1803. This saw Napoleon revive plans for a cross-channel invasion and he began concentrating forces around Boulogne. Following the French execution of  Louis Antoine, Duke of Enghien, in March 1804, many of the powers in Europe became increasingly concerned over French intentions. Later that year, Sweden signed an agreement with Britain opening the door to what would become the Third Coalition. Mounting a relentless diplomatic campaign, Prime Minister William Pitt concluded an alliance with Russia in early 1805. This came about despite British concern over Russias growing influence in the Baltic. A few months later, Britain and Russia were joined by Austria, which having been twice defeated by the French in recent years, sought to exact revenge. Napoleon Responds With threats emerging from Russia and Austria, Napoleon abandoned his ambitions to invade Britain during the summer of 1805  and turned to deal with these new adversaries. Moving with speed and efficiency, 200,000 French troops departed their camps near Boulogne and began crossing the Rhine along a 160-mile front on September 25. Responding to the threat, Austrian General Karl Mack concentrated his army at the fortress of Ulm in Bavaria. Conducting a brilliant campaign of maneuver, Napoleon swung north and descended on the Austrian rear. After winning a series of battles, Napoleon captured Mack and 23,000 men at Ulm on October 20. Though the victory was dampened by Vice Admiral Lord Horatio Nelsons triumph at Trafalgar the next day, the Ulm Campaign effectively opened the way to Vienna which fell to French forces in November. To the northeast, a Russian field army under General Mikhail Illarionovich Golenischev-Kutusov had gathered and absorbed many of the remaining Austrian units. Moving towards the enemy, Napoleon sought to bring them to battle before his lines of communication were severed or Prussia entered the conflict. Allied Plans On December 1, the Russian and Austrian leadership met to decide their next move. While Tsar Alexander I wished to attack the French, Austrian Emperor Francis II and Kutuzov preferred to take a more defensive approach. Under pressure from their senior commanders, it was finally decided that an attack would be made against the French right (southern) flank which would open a path to Vienna. Moving forward, they adopted a plan devised by Austrian Chief of Staff Franz von Weyrother which called for four columns to assault the French right. The Allied plan played directly into Napoleons hands. Anticipating that they would strike at his right, he thinned it to make it more alluring. Believing that this assault would weaken the Allied center, he planned on a massive counterattack in this area to shatter their lines, while Marshal Louis-Nicolas Davouts III Corps came up from Vienna to support the right. Positioning Marshal Jean Lanness V Corps near Santon Hill at the northern end of the line, Napoleon placed General Claude Legrands men at the southern end, with Marshal Jean-de-Dieu Soults IV Corps in the center. Fighting Begins Around 8:00 AM on December 2, the first Allied columns began hitting the French right near the village of Telnitz. Taking the village, they threw the French back across Goldbach Stream. Regrouping, the French effort was reinvigorated by the arrival of Davouts corps. Moving to the attack, they recaptured Telnitz but were driven out by Allied cavalry. Further Allied attacks from the village were halted by French artillery. Slightly to the north, the next Allied column hit Sokolnitz and was repulsed by its defenders. Bringing in artillery, General Count Louis de Langà ©ron commenced a bombardment and his men succeeded in taking the village, while a third column assaulted the towns castle. Storming forward, the French managed to retake to the village but soon lost it again. Fighting around Sokolnitz continued to rage throughout the day. One Sharp Blow Around 8:45 AM, believing that the Allied center had been sufficiently weakened, Napoleon summoned Soult to discuss an attack on the enemy lines atop Pratzen Heights. Stating that One sharp blow and the war is over, he ordered the assault to move forward at 9:00 AM. Advancing through the morning fog, General Louis de Saint-Hilaires division attacked up the heights. Reinforced with elements from their second and fourth columns, the Allies met the French assault and mounted a fierce defense.  This initial French effort was thrown back after bitter fighting. Charging again, Saint-Hilaires men finally succeeded in capturing the heights at bayonet point. Fighting in the Center To their north, General Dominique Vandammes advanced his division against Starà © Vinohrady (Old Vineyards). Employing a variety of infantry tactics, the division shattered the defenders and claimed the area. Moving his command post to St. Anthonys Chapel on the Pratzen Heights, Napoleon ordered Marshal Jean-Baptiste Bernadottes I Corps into the battle on Vandammes left. As the battle raged, the Allies decided to strike Vandammes position with the Russian Imperial Guards cavalry. Storming forward, they had some success before Napoleon committed his own Heavy Guards cavalry to the fray. As the horsemen battled, General Jean-Baptiste Drouets division deployed on the flank of the fighting. In addition to providing refuge for the French cavalry, fire from his men and the Guards horse artillery forced the Russians to retreat from the area. In the North At the northern end of the battlefield, fighting began as Prince Liechtenstein led Allied cavalry against General Franà §ois Kellermanns light cavalry. Under heavy pressure, Kellermann fell back behind General  Marie-Franà §ois Auguste de Caffarellis division of Lannes corps which blocked the Austrian advance. After the arrival of two additional mounted divisions allowed the French to finish off the cavalry, Lannes moved forward against Prince Pyotr Bagrations Russian infantry. After engaging in a hard fight, Lannes forced the Russians to retreat from the battlefield. Completing the Triumph To complete the victory, Napoleon turned south where fighting was still raging around Telnitz and Sokolnitz. In an effort to drive the enemy from the field, he directed Saint-Hilaires division and part of Davouts corps to launch a two-pronged attack on Sokolnitz. Enveloping the Allied position, the assault crushed the defenders and forced them to retreat. As their lines began to collapse all along the front, Allied troops started to flee the field. In an attempt to slow the French pursuit General Michael von Kienmayer directed some of his cavalry to form a rearguard.  Mounting a desperate defense, they helped cover the Allied withdrawal. Aftermath One of Napoleons greatest victories, Austerlitz effectively ended the War of the Third Coalition. Two days later, with their territory overrun and their armies destroyed, Austria made peace through the Treaty of Pressburg. In addition to territorial concessions, the Austrians were required to pay a war indemnity of 40 million francs. The remains of the Russian army withdrew east, while Napoleons forces went into camp in southern Germany. Having taken much of Germany, Napoleon abolished the Holy Roman Empire and established the Confederation of the Rhine as a buffer state between France and Prussia. French losses at Austerlitz numbered 1,305 killed, 6,940 wounded, and 573 captured. Allied casualties were massive and included 15,000 killed and wounded, as well as 12,000 captured.

What is a Motif †Definition and 10 Must-Know Examples

What is a Motif s What is a Motif? Definition and 10 Concrete Examples from Literature Let's just admit it: â€Å"What is a motif and how do you use it?† is a much less sexy question to ask than, â€Å"What’s your book about?†But it’s just as necessary. If the theme of a book is its heartbeat, then motifs in literature are the vessels that keep the blood coursing through the narrative. Among other things, motifs add depth to your writing and steer readers toward your book’s central message (assisted by other strong literary devices).In this post, we’ll look at what a motif is (and what it is not), examine motif examples in action, and explore how you can incorporate motifs into your own writing.What is a motif?A motif is a recurring narrative element with symbolic significance. If you spot a symbol, concept, or plot structure that surfaces repeatedly in the text, you’re probably dealing with a motif. Motifs  must be related to the central idea of the work and they  always end up reinforcing the author’s overal l message.But how can you tell which ones are motifs? Remember that you must be able to connect a motif to the "big ideas" in a book. Just because the narrator mentions a particular pair of shoes a few times, doesn’t necessarily mean that it’s a motif - unless the author makes a point of tying it to a bigger question of, let’s say, escape and freedom. (Don’t worry - we’ll provide more concrete motif examples in a bit!)Since they’re repeated throughout a text, motifs are also very traceable. As you're trying to figure out the motifs of a given work, it might be useful to think of them as having a trail of purposeful clues. The author plants these breadcrumbs so that the reader can better work out the ideas behind the work - and its overarching point.That brings up our next question: how do motifs relate to themes? Luckily, we've got the answer for you right here!Motifs support a book's theme How to Create a Character Profile: the Ultimate Guide (with Template) Read post If you need help developing your characters to that point, here are some character development exercises and a free character profile template for your personal use.Option 3: FreewriteIf you’re itching to nail down your motifs before you start writing, but aren’t feeling inspired, consider freewriting. This is the practice of writing down all of your thoughts without stopping for a certain period of time - usually between 10-20 minutes.To tease out your motif, try to start off by freewriting about your theme. When you’re done, go back and see what ideas or symbols surface repeatedly in the exercises. You might be surprised at what your mind produces when the block of self-editing is removed!4. Know that motifs are here to help, not hinderLike themes, motifs are there to help you write your book (and help readers understand them)! If you let them, motifs will add a valuable layer of depth to your story. So don't be afraid of them - let the motifs come to you nat urally as you're writing or planning. You'll find that your themes will thank you for it.How do you approach motifs in your stories? Do you have any more questions or thoughts on the subject? Leave them in the comments below!

The British Has A Constitution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The British Has A Constitution - Essay Example Constitutions, McEwen (2004) adds, establish the composition, powers and functions of the institutions of the state, regulate the relations between these institutions, and enshrine the legal rights and duties of the citizenry. The Unwritten UK Constitution Constitutions of all other states are codified. â€Å"Codified constitutions are largely written, centered around a single document incorporating key constitutional provisions that are binding on all political institutions.† (McEwen 2004) In contrast, the British constitution is not written or codified in a single document. Where codified constitutions are entrenched and enjoys the protecition of a Supreme Court, and can only be repealed or amended by special provisions, the uncodified constitutions are beyond the ordinary legislative process. Sources of the UK Constitution: The UK Constitution is found a number of sources, namely they following: 1. Statute Law: Many Acts of Parliament concern constitutional law. 2. Common / Case Law: The British constitution is â€Å"judge made†and derives some of its principles from jurisprudence. 3. Royal Prerogative: This refers to powers originally exercised by the monarch traditionally, among which powers. Most prerogatives are now directly exercised by ministers, such as the power to regulate the civil service, or the power to issue passports.

Main Cross-Cultural Issues in Managing the Organization Essay - 1

Main Cross-Cultural Issues in Managing the Organization Internationally - Essay Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that Indian management in several organizations give less focus on team-based evaluation they focus on individual targets because they are more concerned to evaluate each worker’s quality work. The retail market in India is projected US$ 26 Billion in 2011 and is expected to grow to US$ 84 Billion by 2016. According to the US commercial services, Indian per capita expenditure on cosmetics is Rs, 30 and the cosmetic industry are growing at the rate of 15% every year. These facts and figures support the product category because the industry is growing, and holds the chance for active cosmetics to step in. Multinationals and local companies are giving much emphasis to workforce management practices. Multinational companies outsource its distribution to the third party. For example, P&G outsource its distribution to Agility logistics. Departmental stores will welcome us like Star India Bazar, Big Bazaar, Max hypermarket, Vishal mega mart, easy day, city mart, which shows that we have a possible chance to excel in the Indian cosmetic market segment. The Indian government supports to the foreign brand (whether imported or locally manufactured) in India is freely allowed and just have to pay up to 2% on export and 1% on domestic sale. India is a large diversified country and to become successful in this market we need to obtain comprehensive localized information. Due to a large market, we will require multiple distributors to cover the whole market. In India, DAC, 1940 (Drug and Cosmetic Act) is followed for the import, sales, manufacturing, and distribution of cosmetics.

Managing for future Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Managing for future - Essay Example The management approach of a company differs as per the objectives and intention, but the principal aim is to ensure smooth business transaction and streamlining of the process. In the similar way, the capability of the management of a company holds utmost importance in the process of managing and dealing with the several business challenges. In order, to highlight the importance of managerial capabilities of an organization, this study intends to refer to a real life company. The company chosen in this context is Vodafone. This study therefore seeks to shed light on the management approach and style of Vodafone pertaining to its business environment and business operation. The areas that will be focused upon in this project are corporate social responsibility of the company, sustainability programs being initiated by the company and also the company’s ability to deal with crisis and catastrophe events. The paper will at first present a brief synopsis of Vodafone and short des criptions pertaining to the concepts associated with the subject of concern. Furthermore, the study will also enlighten the efforts put in by the management of the company in the timeframe 2007-2013. Lastly, the study will analyse the competence of Vodafone in these three chosen fields of business by comparing with the current level of proficiency and would develop a scenario of the future in which Vodafone will function. The definition of the key concepts associated with the study will be presented after the brief overview of the company. In light of these concepts, critical review of the current achievements of the company and theoretical models will be presented in a detailed manner. Vodafone: A Brief Overview Vodafone Group plc or commonly known as Vodafone is a UK based telecommunication company involved in telecommunication business. The company was incorporated in the year 1991. Prior to that, Vodafone was known as Racal Telecom, but in the year 1991 only, Vodafone became a n ew identity and was founded in Newbury, Berkshire, United Kingdom. The company is presently headquartered at London, UK. In terms of the overall revenue and number of subscribers, the company is the 2nd largest mobile telecommunication company of the world. Globally, the pole position has been held by China Mobile. Vodafone has presence in 30 countries of the world and operates with partner networks in around 40 nations. As of 2012, the company employs around 86,400 people (Vodafone, 2012a). The best selling products of the company are mobile telephony, fixed line, and digital television and internet services. However, in the recent past the company has also made tie-ups with mobile phone manufacturers to sell mobile phones under the brand name of Vodafone. The company mainly operates with exclusive retail distribution and exclusive company owned stores. Nevertheless, the advent of technology and stringent competition levels has compelled the company to make their presence online. T hrough their online stores, the company sell their products; allow users to pay their bills etc. Some of the major competitors of the company are 3 mobile, Airtel, France Telecom and Xon Mobile, Telefonica Europe plc, Dutch Telecom among others (Hoovers, 2013). The net revenue of the company in the year 2012 was ?46.417Â  billion and the profit was ?6.957Â  billion. Furthermore, the total asset of the company as of 2012 was

Fe2+ in heme becomes oxidized to Fe3+ Essay Example for Free

Fe2+ in heme becomes oxidized to Fe3+ Essay Consumers associate bright red color with fresh meat and brownish tint to outdated, possibly spoiled meat no matter what the pull date says. Some vendors are treating the cut meat with CO before packaging in plastic wrap for supermarket meat counters. Why would this help sales? CO binds to oxygen binding site and this binding is not readily reversible. Hence Hemoglobin remains in ‘saturated’ form and appears red and fresh. This would definitely enhance sales. CH2OH 5. a. In the figure to the right, what type of bond links the two carbohydrate monomers together? Answer by checking in the spaces(s) provided below. OH Check all that apply; or check none of the above if none of the descriptions apply to the bond shown. _____ glycosidic bond _____ hemiketal bond _____ beta 1-6 linkage _____ester bond ____ ketal bond _____ a furanose bond _____ phosphodiester bond  ¬Ã‚ ¬_____ alpha 1-4 linkage _____ a pyranose bond _____ hemiacetal bond _____ alpha 1-6 linkage _____ none of the above_____ acetal bond _____ beta 1-4 linkage b. Is it possible that the figure shows part of glycogen? YES NO Explain. In your explanation, include at least two types of clues that give you the answer. For full credit, use precise terminology. No more than two sentences -one per clue are needed to answer this question. Glycogen is a polymer of ? -D-glucopyranose. It contains ? (1? 4) linkages and some ? (1? 6) links. 6. You are studying an enzyme that catalyzes the reaction turning substrate S into product P and obeys. Michaelis-Menton kinetics. You are conducting a series of enzyme assays to determine the Vmax of the enzyme: each successive assay uses the same amount of enzyme, but a different concentration of S. a. When the concentration of S is 10% of the Km, you measure a reaction velocity of 1 ? mole P produced per minute. What is the Vmax for the enzyme? Show all your work and include units at all steps. V= Vmax. [S]/KM+[S] V=1 ? mole/min 0. 1Km=S Vmax = V*(Km+[S])/[S] = 1*(Km+0. 1Km)/0. 1Km =1. 1/0. 1Km=0. 11Km The value of Vmax will be 0. 11 times the Michaelis-Menton constant for the given reaction. b. When you add a particular concentration of compound C to the reaction mixture of enzyme and substrate at 1/10 the KM, you find the product is produced at a much lower rate than when compound C is not present. However, if you repeat this experiment with the same concentrations of compound C and enzyme but a very high concentration of substrate, product is produced at about the same rate as the one you calculated in part ‘a’. Based on the evidence presented, compound C must be (please circle all that apply):a zymogen a competitive inhibitor an allosteric activator a non-competitive inhibitor an endergonic compound a transition state analog 7. Answer each question TRUE or FALSE. If you mark it false, provide a complete explanation of what is wrong with it. . a) Enzymes increase the stability of the product of a desired reaction by allowing ionizations, resonance and isomerization not normally available to substrates. ____TRUE ____ FALSE The reason this statement is false is: ionizations, resonance and isomerization increase the instability of the substrate. b) Lowering the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen increases the effectiveness with which it delivers oxygen to the tissues, though it may decrease the amount of oxygen acquired in the lungs. ____TRUE ____ FALSE The reason this statement is false is: c) Whether the ? G for a reaction is larger, smaller or the same as ? G’0 depends on the concentrations of the compounds that participate in the reaction. ____TRUE ____ FALSE The reason this statement is false is: d) Enzymes are potent catalysts because they drive reactions to completion while other catalysts drive reactions to equilibrium. ____TRUE____ FALSE. The reason this statement is false is: catalyst lowers the energy barrier to a reaction, increases the fraction of molecules that have enough energy to attain the transition state and hence make the reaction go faster in both directions. e) The hydrolysis of ATP has a large negative ? G’0, nevertheless it is stable in solution due to the ionization of the phosphates. ____TRUE ____ FALSE The reason this statement is false is: f) L-Malate + NAD+ - oxaloacetate + NADH + H+ ? G’0 = +29. 7 kJ/mol The reaction as written may occur in some cells at some concentrations of substrate and product. ____TRUE ____ FALSE The reason this statement is false is: this is a step in the Kreb’s cycle and occurs in all respiring cells. g) Linking the endergonic reaction X -Y to a second, energetically favorably reaction Y-Z will shift the equilibrium constant of the first reaction. ____TRUE ____ FALSE The reason this statement is false is: h) Non-covalent interactions are too weak to influence the three-dimensional structure of macromolecules. ____ TRUE ____ FALSE The reason this statement is false is: Tertiary structure is basedon non-covalent interactions. i) Starch and glycogen are both polymers of ? -D-glucose. ____TRUE ____ FALSE The reason this statement is false is: they are ? -D-glucopyranose polymers. j) Enzymes bind a transition state intermediate such that it cannot be converted back to substrate. ____TRUE ____ FALSE The reason this statement is false is: k) When the reactants and products are all in equal concentrations, no further change in concentration will take place. ____TRUE ____ FALSE The reason this statement is false is: l).The rate of migration of a protein through an SDS-polyacrylamide gel is not influenced by the charge of the protein. ____TRUE. ____ FALSE The reason this statement is false is; m) In general, when ATP hydrolysis is coupled to an energy-requiring reaction, the actual reaction often consists of the transfer of a phosphate group from ATP to another substrate, rather than the actual hydrolysis of ATP ____TRUE ____ FALSE The reason this statement is false is: 8. Downugo, a marketed drug widely used by diabetics with hypertension, is metabolized by the liver enzyme CYP3A4. Your company is developing an insulin mimetic. You have three promising candidate compounds, all of which are metabolized by CYP3A4. The table below shows the KD of the binding of the molecule to the insulin receptor and the IC50 for each compound as a competitor for Downugo metabolism by CYP3A4. Compound KD for insulin receptor IC50 for CYP3A4 vs Downugo A 10? M 8 mM B 10 nM 50 nM C 5 nM 200 nM Your company has the resources to take only one compound into further development. Based on these results, which is your selection? Explain briefly. A. Very low quantities should be required for binding with insulin receptor, but the IC50 values must also be higher.

Sarah Baartman and Sandra Laing

Sarah Baartman and Sandra Laing Mackenzie Dickson The lives of Sarah Baartman and Sandra Laing were heavily complicated due to colonialism, followed by pseudo-scientific ideas concerning their gender and race. Sarah Baartmans true identity is still unknown; even her real name is still a mystery. Sometime during the 19th century Baartman arrived in England and was dubbed The Venus Hottentot by the media and attendees of the inhumane circus-like act that Baartman was forced to perform. Baartmans life was controlled and ruined by whitemangaze, leading her to become a commodity- not a person. Whitemangaze is the westernized perception of Black women as objects and commodities, entities viewed exclusively through the prism of- either the lure or repulsion of- their corporeality (Werbanowska, 19). The film Black Venus makes an effort to depict the range of reactions of the white male-dominated crowd, from disgust to attraction. The crowd was even encouraged to physically assault Baartman. Baartman was not a person; she was a victim of colonialism employed by western culture that ultimately led to the reduction of all non-white women to the role of (not necessarily sexual) objects. The fetishizat ion and otherization that Baartman suffered as a result of colonialism steams from need for superiority (19). The use of pseudo-science was used to establish this sense of superiority desired among westerners; white people wanted to hear that Africans were biologically unequal to Europeans. In 1816, Parisian scientists declared Baartman was the missing link separating beast from man (Spies, 2). She, along with other non-white people, was viewed as a savage from a world populated by grotesque monsters- fat-arsed females, blood-thirsty warriors, pre-verbal pinheads, midgets and geeks (Werbanowska, 19). Parisian zoologist Georges Cuvier dissected Baartmans corpse and preserved her genitalia, spine, and brain out of scientific curiosity and potential obsession. As demonstrated in the opening scene of Black Venus, Cuvier provided pseudo-scientific evidence to connect Baartman with apes and baboons, focusing on Baartmans bottom, skull, and her preserved genitalia- which he subsequently passes around the room. Moreover, comparing African women with primitive animals such as apes and baboons speaks to the European fantasy of the ignoble savage whose assumed lack of acculturation implies all sorts of uncivilized sexual behaviors (20). Pseudo-science performed by white men like Cuvier enforced the stereotype that African women are savage sexual beasts, who are commodities rather than an individual. The current day Venus Hottentots can be seen throughout the media; theyre called video vixens. Typically, video vixens are attractive, young, black, females that fall victim to the same fetishization and exploitation that Baartman faced in the 19th century. Baartmans story has become synonymous with a past of sexual exploitation, lasciviousness, and likewise, that has presented opportunity for ruminating on the phenomenon of young black women play the roles of video vixen or ghetto chicks' (Henderson, 528-529). Baartman and current day video vixens function under the colonial and patriarchal gaze which perceived them almost exclusively through the prism of their race and gender (Werbanowska, 26). Some video vixens interviewed in the VH1 Documentary Sexploitation on the Set insist they are not being exploited; rather, they are using their body as a form of empowerment. It is undisputable that video vixens are a commodity; they are selling their body and their image in order to gain pr ofit and recognition. The black females who take rolls as video vixens are exploited the same way Sarah Baartman was. They are oppressed because of their race and gender, than transformed into a commodity by profiting from exposing their bodies. In 1966, young Sandra Laings race was called into question by the Race Classification Board in South Africa; Laing was about ten at the time. In the first episode of the series, The Power of an Illusion, race is described as a clear distinction among humans; genes do not have to be closely looked at to determine an individuals race. This was not the case for Laing, who was born from two white parents but had darker skin- thus, appearing black. The film, Skin, depicts the troubles Laing suffered through a time of racial segregation (Apartheid) and lack of legitimate science. Similar to Baartmans story, race is a societal construct used to place non-whites lower in the hierarchal structure, which leads to a life with or without resources, privilege and power (Younge, 106). Pseudo-sciences used to prove/disprove Laings race was based on her physical appearance. As demonstrated in the film, the members of the RCB inspect Laings hair, bottom, and mouth. Another researcher offered the expl anation of a genetic throwback, meaning Sandras white parents carried African genes. This was the only viable explanation for Laings skin color, but the courts found it absurd (Skin). The fact of the matter is that race is a biological myth, but it was believed that race was rooted in biology, and linked to other, more complex internal differences. Like athletic ability. Musical aptitude. Intelligence (Race- The Power of an Illusion). In the end, Sandra was ruled legally white. Despite being legally white, Sandra was shunned by other white people. After finding solace in black communities, Sandra faced legal regulations that prevented her from furthering her life because she was legally white. The forced racial categorization certainly complicated Sandras life. Works Cited Black Venus. Directed by Abdellatif Kechiche , MK2, 2010. Film. Episode One: The Difference Between Us. Race- The Power of an Illusion, directed by  Christine Herbes-Sommers, California Newsreel, 2003. Television. Henderson, Carol E. African American Review. African American Review, vol. 44, no. 3,  2011, pp. 528-530., www.jstor.org/stable/23316222. Sexploitation on the Set. VH1 Video Vixen Documentary. VH1, 2005. Television.   Skin. Directed by Anthony Fabian, BBC Films, 2008. Film. Spies, Bertha M. Saartjie. African Arts. 2nd ed. Vol. 47. Regents of the U of California, 2014.   Print. Werbanowska, Marta. Reclaiming the Commodified Body: The Stories of Saartjie Baartman  and Josephine Baker in the Poetry of Elizabeth Alexander. Ethos: A Digital Review of Arts, Humanities, and Public Ethics. Ed. Katherine Walker and Benjamin Mangrum. Ethos, 2014. 18-32. Google Scholar. Web. Younge, Gary. The Margins and the Mainstreams. Museums, Equality, and Social Justice. Ed.  Richard Sandell and Eithne Nighingale. Routledge, 2013. Google Scholar. Web.

Personal relationships :: essays research papers

I don’t think that anything brings people together more than mutual hatred, except mutual hatred for each other. I suppose that is why my ex-boyfriends and I still talk to each other, or, I should say, one of my ex-boyfriends, Rob. The other one, Andrew, and I don’t talk at all. I suppose that means we must really hate each other. But the reason we don’t talk is that it still hurts, and that wound runs very deep, I doubt if it will ever heal. The â€Å"blues† is losing someone you love and not having enough money to immerse yourself in drink. And so when I had lost Andrew, Cupid sent Rob along, and he paid for the tab. In short, I am convinced that Andrew is heartless and devoid of having any conviction or remorse for his wickedness. And as for Rob, I am honored to be able to say that, yes, he is my friend, and one of the most amazing people I have ever met.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Rob was a Marine. Andrew was in the Army. Their temperaments were just as opposite as the branches of the military they served. Rob was an introverted kind of guy, completely content to sit and read a novel or sit quietly in a theatre. He wasn’t the kind of guy that liked to be the center of attention or draw the spotlight to himself. Andrew, on the other hand, was the most extraverted person I have ever seen. He was the life of the party, always out and about socializing, and loved all the attention than anyone would be willing to give him. Andrew was aggressive, Rob was passive. Even though they were different, they were a lot alike. Which is why, I suppose, I was attracted to both of them. They both had strong leadership skills and the ability to always make me smile when I was sad, console me when I cried, and amuse me with their humor when I needed to be 03 cheered. On my nineteenth birthday, Andrew called at 12:00AM to sing â€Å"happy birthday† to me in a Frank Sinatra style, and Rob telephoned to leave The Beatles â€Å"so they say it’s your birthday† at 2:07AM on my voice mail. They each had their differences, but even their similarities had their own flavor.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Physically, I would have to say that both Rob and Andrew were enough to put Brad Pitt and Johnny Depp out of business.

Blue Ocean Strategy

In the past ten weeks, this class has tested me by having to read challenging articles that presented several different strategic theories to us. While all of the theories brought us interesting and valuable information, the one that resonated most with me and stuck out the most was the Blue Ocean Strategy. I have always been someone who enjoys a challenge and I feel that while this theory is a challenge, it has the most potential to bring organizations the greatest amount of success.To fully understand why I selected this theory opposed to one of the other ones, I feel that first I need to explain exactly what Blue Ocean Strategy is and who has used it and gained enormous amounts of success. While there are many people who believe taking down the competition is the best plan for their company and will result in huge success, Blue Ocean Strategy does not even factor it into their decision making process as a way to reach success. To discuss Blue Ocean Strategy, we also have to unders tand Red Ocean Strategy.Red oceans are all other strategies that are currently trying to out-compete one another in hopes of being the one on top. The first thing that comes to mind when I think off taxation such as this is the results of Apple first launching the pod. All a sudden a portable music player like this was what everyone wanted, so other companies started doing the same thing and came out with comparable products such as the Zone. Sadly, no one has been able to reach the success that Apple has when it comes to portable music devices.As you can see from the chart, Microsoft, the creator of Zone, tried to reach success by hitting all five points that were mentioned on the left side of the chart. However, they were unable to do so because they underestimated the demand that the pod was producing. Microsoft as well as other companies tried to compete, but could not maintain as high of a demand as the pod and eventually the market became too crowded and the products eventuall y became undervalued and over produced.When the creators came out with Zone it sounds like a Hyperventilation strategy was being used. Hyperventilation is defined as rapid and dynamic completion that is escalated on price-quality positioning (Divine, 1998). While a Zone is very similar to an pod, what the creators thought would make them out-sell the pod was that the Zone cost half of what the pod was. While often times cost is a huge consideration when buying a product or service in this case people were willing to pay the extra money and choose the company that used the Blue Ocean Strategy.Potential Risk: Now take a complete 180-degree turn and you have Blue Ocean Strategy. With this strategy, demand is created rather than fought over. By doing this, there is more room for growth that can be quickly profitable. At first when I read the article, I thought to myself that this seemed too risky and why would a company bother using this strategy; after doing a lot of different research on the topic, I have come to the inclusion that there is a minimal amount of risk.I think it is important to realize that with any strategy there is a certain amount of risk, no matter what choice you decided to make. For Blue Ocean Strategy, there are currently six key risks that a company could face (Kim & Maneuvering, 2004). Of these six risks, the first four revolve around the creation of the strategy itself and the final two relate to the actual execution of the strategy.Search risk Planning risk Scope risk Business model risk Organizational risk Management risk However, there are six principals represented in Blue Ocean Strategy that are signaled to protect an organization from that risk (Kim & Maneuvering, 2004): Reconstruct market boundaries Focus on the big picture, not the numbers Reach beyond existing demands Get the strategic sequence right Overcome key organizational hurtles Build execution into strategy The first principal identifies the direction by which managers ca n methodically create conclusive market space across diverse industry domains and crippling search risk. It teaches companies how to make the competition irrelevant by looking across the six conventional boundaries of competition to open up commercially important blue oceans† (Blue Ocean Strategy, 2014). The second principal has to do with looking at the big picture and not focusing on Just what the numbers would be, it deals with planning risk. By looking at the big picture first and foremost I believe this is why, when using this strategy, there is such long-term success that comes with it. Using a visualizing approach that drives managers to focus on the big picture, this principle proposes a four-step planning process for strategies that create and capture blue ocean opportunities† (Blue Ocean Strategy, 2014). To reach beyond existing demands hose using the Blue Ocean Strategy must challenge the traditional process of aiming for finer segmentation in order to meet ex isting customer preferences. Instead, this principle, which addresses scale risk, states the importance of aggregating demand, not by focusing on the differences that separate customer but rather by building on the powerful commonalities across uncustomary† (Blue Ocean Strategy, 2014). In order to accomplish correct strategic sequence companies must ensure that their business model will be able to produce and maintain profitable growth. This sequence consists of the following: (1) utility, (2) price, (3) cost, and (4) adoption requirements (Blue Ocean Strategy, 2014).When a company follows this sequence, it addresses the business model risk. The fifth principal is all about overcoming the hurdles that come your way. This is the first principal in the execution portion of the strategy and therefore in this principal the organizational risk is heavily considered. â€Å"This principle mitigates organizational risk, outlining how leaders and manager can surmount the cognitive, re source, motivational, and political hurdles in spite of emitted time and resources† (Blue Ocean Strategy, 2014).Last, but certainly not least, is building execution into the strategy and this is defined as having the ability to encourage others to execute the strategy in the best way they know how. This principle addresses the management risk associated with people's attitudes and behaviors. â€Å"By integrating execution into strategy formula, people are motivated to act† (Blue Ocean Strategy, 2014). While there is still a certain amount of potential risk involved in this strategy, you can see that there are several different principals that were created to eliminate said risk.Cost and Value: A lot of traditional strategies state that you much choose if you want to be known for cost or for value. However, when deciding to use Blue Ocean Strategy, it is possible to have both differentiation and low cost. If you look to the chart to the right you can see that Blue Ocean Strategy has figured out that the key to value innovation is equal parts cost and buyer value. While the chart makes it look simple, in order for this to happen, utility, price, and cost all need to be aligned.By driving both the cost down and the value, the product has the potential to meet so many more people. A really good example of this balance is the Ford Model T. In 1908, Henry Ford was a person with vision who created a company and a product that was not in the market. He made it price friendly so that people could actually afford it and it would fall under the category of value pioneering. When the Model T first came out in 1908, it cost $ 850. 00, which was half the price of anything else out there at the time (Kim & Maneuvering, 2004).The key to success in this example was not using the competition as a benchmark. While Henry Ford could have followed everyone else and created a actionable and customizable car, he knew that it was not what the market needed; they needed af fordability and reliability. Long Term Viability: When a company or organization is in the process of selecting a strategy to use, they want something that will not only last a long time, but also help them build a brand. There have been several companies that have used Blue Ocean Strategy and have had decades of brand equity (Kim & Maneuvering, 2004).Companies will be happy with the results that many have and are expected to continue to use Blue Ocean Strategy multiple times. Blue Ocean vs.. Strategic Supremacy through Disruption and Dominance: Almost the opposite of Blue Oceans is the theory of strategic supremacy, which has been influenced by hyperventilation and understanding the relationships in this theory. By understanding the interaction between strategy and environment, managers can better tailor their strategies to the environment or change the environment to their advantage.This begins with analyzing the current competitive environment (opposite of Blue Oceans) then under standing the rules of the game in that industry. Simply put, the leaders in the industry control the â€Å"rules of the game†, if they do something, he smaller brands will follow to compete. Having the ability to control the rules of the game and controlling the evolution of the market and its competition is part of strategic supremacy. Sometimes old leaders in an industry do not want to change and this gives new entrants an opportunity to sneak in and disrupt the rules of the game and use it to their advantage.Overall, this strategy is all about controlling your market at large and if you do not have the caliber to do this, then you find a niche market to focus on. When competitors disrupt the â€Å"rules of the game† then it comes a competitive battle. When this happens, it eventually turns into a Red Ocean. Leaders often are in their position because they have battled with lowering prices and are able to compete with lower margins. If a leading competitor was disrup ted by a new entrant with lower prices it would change the game and they would be forced to lower their prices or create a new strategic approach to beating the new threat.In this business strategy, I think it leads to saturation in the market where there really isn't a new value for the customer; they Just battle over perceived values, marketing and price wars. If you are someone who is going to enter into a particular market strong, would you rather go into a bloody war with dominant leaders and try to find a way to sneak past them and out into the market with the threat of them copying you and crushing you because they have deeper pockets and more control or avoid this fight and go where nobody else has gone?I think that many existing firms find themselves battling for strategic supremacy and if you are a new business, you should let them fight and enter the market through a Blue Ocean Strategy instead, but you are also never too old to use your brand equity and create a ewe spac e. Blue Ocean Strategies vs.. Coping with Hyperventilation: Companies regularly struggle to sustain their competitive advantages and the reality is that no advantage is sustainable. Technological wonders can happen overnight, aggressive competitors enter the market, organizations are restricted, new laws change the field, markets and trends appear and fade away.In a hypersensitive environment companies must disrupt the advantages of their competitors. To fight back with this, managers must apply the g's according to this theory to analyze industries and competitions strengths and weaknesses. Huge companies that were once thought to be untouchable have been brought to their knees, such as IBM & GM. Having economies of scale, large advertising power, deep pockets and all the other things that give them buyer and supplier power is no longer enough. â€Å"Leadership in price and quality is also not enough to assure success. Being first is not always the same as being best.Entry barrier s are trampled down or circumvented. Goliath are brought down by clever Davis with slingshots. Welcome to the world of hyperventilation† (Divine, 1995). According to Divine, companies cake progress in hyperventilation by actively disrupting advantages to others in order to adapt the market to themselves; this is done by applying the g's framework. The new g's framework is: Superior stakeholder satisfaction, strategic soothsaying, positioning for speed, positioning for surprise, shifting the rules of the game, signaling strategic intent and simultaneous and sequential strategic thrusts.Before going further in depth with applying these g's, this would seem like a very bloodthirsty strategy to destroy your opponents. When you strike first, you better be ready to take a hit or keep swinging. I am not saying that this is not the way to compete, but I am saying that it is not the best way to be in business or enter. Hyperventilation is a Red Ocean Strategy and all of these battle ta ctics do not have to be your fundamental strategy in a Blue Ocean. Moving on, these g's are only based on a strategy of finding and building temporary advantages in the market.These advantages are from market disruption and not sustaining advantages because of the reasons mentioned in the beginning of this paragraph. Looking at the chart below, you can see the qualities of competition in different levels of competition. The g's are about paying in the 4th category whereas Blue Ocean Strategy is about figuring out a way to compete in the first or second category. Even if you are a company who is part of hyperventilation it does not mean you have to play a part of the price war, you can use your branding and find a way into an area of more moderate competition.Blue Ocean vs.. The Core Competence of the Corporation Another theory of competitive advantage is in the knowledge and diversity of core competencies. Focusing on your core competencies creates unique, integrated systems that re inforce your business model. Once you clarify your competencies, then you will know how to support them, increasing your competitive advantage and reducing the ability of a competitor copying you. The theory states that once you establish your competencies you must enhance them by investing in needed technologies and creating strategic alliances.This theory seems to be not as brutally competitive as some of the other theories. It is difficult to argue because identifying your company's core competencies is indeed very important for strategic decisions and success. The reason I believe Blue Ocean Strategy is still a stronger strategy is imply because I do not believe that understanding your core competencies alone will be a sustainable enough advantage. There will still be competitors who change the game, new technologies and entrants that will emerge and I do not think that focus on your competencies are enough in a highly competitive market.In a Blue Ocean Strategy you do not need to worry about the competition as much. This theory points out that your competition may not be able to copy you as easily but that does not mean that they wont be able to take more of the marketplace. For these reasons, I think blue ocean is still the smartest strategy. Blue Ocean vs.. Resource Based View of the Firm The resource based view of the firm (RUB) is a basis for the competitive advantage of a firm that is based on application of their tangible and intangible resources.By doing this a business can transform their short-run competitive advantage into a more sustained competitive advantage. The basic idea is that you first identify potential key resources within your organization. Next, evaluate if the resources are valuable, rare, in-imitable, non-substitutable and other criteria. By protecting and sustaining these resources you can achieve greater organizational success. Similarly to understanding the core competencies of your business, this business strategy is also diff icult to argue.A business should evaluate their resources and these resources may very well be their core competencies especially if they are rare, inimitable and non-substitutable. I believe that simply having a resource based view does not protect you from changes in the market, always or guarantee long-term sustainability or competitive advantage. As mentioned before, technology advances happen overnight and these types of changes can make resources obsolete. Example of Successful Blue Ocean Strategy – Apple: Sometimes the only way to fully understand something is by looking at examples to get a better idea.In my opinion, the most successful company using a Blue Ocean Strategy has been Apple. A game changer for Apple was when they launched what we know of today as tunes. In 2003, they launched tunes, which to this day has changed the way people buy and enjoy music (Blue Ocean strategy, 2014). They saw a need in the market for digital music that was not illegally downloaded and were able to fill the need by providing clear music that was priced reasonably. One of the biggest perks of this is because there are a lot of people that only want one or two songs and no longer need to purchase the entire CD.They have been able to maintain their success by launching a program that was easy for users to use and provide great customer service; it was very difficult for others to even try to replicate. Apple did not want to stop there and saw another chance to move a new idea into the market when they came out with the pad. Apple was getting people to move away from laptops and cheap notebooks and offered customers an entirely new experience. With billions of dollars of success, we have to wonder what they know that others cannot seem to figure out.I feel the biggest reason why this is happening is because they are focusing on the end user. Apple continues to create projects that are solely customer driven. Also, they do an excellent Job highlighting their asset s. For example, do you ever wonder why people get so excited when a new model of their device comes out? It is because Apple markets the parts that others want. I once watched a documentary that claimed when the pad 2 came out, it was almost exactly he same with the exception of the size and weight.This attracted business because the pad is portable and can travel anywhere. A theory that shares similar characteristics to Blue Ocean Strategy is Core Competency by C. K. Parallax and Gary Hammer; the products and services that are produced with this theory is hard to replicate (Hammer & Parallax, 1990). However, Blue Ocean Strategy stands out since they created a market of their own and they have a much greater chance of focusing on things like pricing. It is something that no one has ever seen before so it gets a lot of attention right off the back.Example of Successful Blue Ocean Strategy – WI: Another company who has displayed success as a result of Blue Ocean Strategy is Mic rosoft when they created the WI. Video games are a billion dollar industry and companies continue to try and top their competitors with what they can provide consumers. Instead of fighting this trend, Microsoft decided to ignore the standard features that most video game consoles offer, such as built in DVD players and low processor speed; and in its place offer us something that no one had ever imagined: a censored video game that requires the movement of the player (Stewarded, 2007).In the article, Nineteen's Blue Ocean Strategy: WI, the author writes, â€Å"In Kim & Embrasure's terms, this means that while Microsoft's Oxbow and Sonny's ASS are fighting each other fiercely in a red ocean (I. E. The existing market), Nineteen's WI is calmly sailing in the blue ocean it created for itself (I. E. A new market)† (Stewarded, 2007). This was an extremely successful strategy, to put WI into the market because not only did it attract video game users but also brought in a whole oth er market. When it first came out, I was surprised and shocked to see the gaming system in my grandfather's nursing home.I soon learned that not only were the gaming systems being placed in nursing homes all over the country, but they were also being placed in physical therapy and rehab centers. I believe this example especially proves that Blue Ocean Strategy is superior to Michael Porter's Theory. If Microsoft were to follow Porter's theory instead, they would have looked at the OXBOW or ASS gaming system and did something comparable because he believes that you should try to top the competition (Porter, 1996). This leaves very little room for creativity and the chance to create something as innovated as an interactive video games.Conclusion: â€Å"The only way to beat the competition is to stop trying to beat the competition†. As you can see, Blue Ocean Strategy has a lot to offer companies and organizations that wish to succeed. Out of the eight strategies that we learned about, I feel that not only is Blue Ocean Strategy most different from all the others, but also offers people the most potential. Instead of going off what is already out there or creating something that resembles something else, Blue Ocean Strategy decides to do the exact opposite and create something that is not already out there.